Max Been (pictured below) remembers the day he learned he had ADHD. “I was about 8 years old and sitting in the back seat of the car," he says. "We were driving past the firehouse in the center of town, and my mom asked, ‘If there were a pill that would help you focus better, would you be interested?’”
At the time, Max was struggling in school. “I was having trouble getting my work done,” he recalls. “I would also get in trouble in class for doing impulsive things — for being crazy.” But Max, who is now 17, didn’t see himself as having a problem. “I wasn’t that self-aware,” he admits.
Still, he was curious. Max tried the pill — Ritalin — and the change, according to his mother, Ali Farquhar, was dramatic. “There was an immediate improvement,” she says. "His teachers noticed a difference, too. And Max himself felt different, “like I could slow myself down.”
ADHD: A Pervasive Disorder
But being diagnosed and treated was just the beginning of Max's journey of dealing with ADHD— attention deficit hyperactivity disorder — which has been diagnosed in about 9.5 percent of children aged 5 to 17. In simple terms, ADHD interferes with a person’s ability to focus and maintain self-control, but the disorder can be much more complicated. “It should really be calledexecutive function disorder,” says Russell A. Barkley, PhD, a clinical psychologist who has been studying ADHD for 30 years. The disorder can affect a person’s ability to organize, solve problems, and self-regulate. “It seems to pervade every aspect of life,” Dr. Barkley says, “particularly academics and work.”
Though Max became aware that he had ADHD when he was in grade school, his parents suspected that his problems started much earlier. “When he was in preschool I would get calls from his teacher asking if he had gotten enough sleep,” says Farquhar. “If he didn’t want to do something, he would just lie down on the floor.” Later, his behavior became more impulsive and disruptive. “As school became more demanding, it became more difficult for Max to cope,” Farquhar says. “He would sit in front of his homework for an hour and write two words.”
By the time Max was in second grade, his teachers and parents agreed that he should be evaluated by a neuropsychologist. The results were unequivocal: Max had the most common form of the disorder, called combined-type ADHD, in which a person has symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Max seemed to have a severe case of the disorder.
At first, Farquhar and her husband resisted the idea of putting Max on medication. “I thought, ‘Oh, this is the American malady everyone throws drugs at,’” she recalls. But as Farquhar watched her son “go downhill psychologically,” she decided to give meds a try. “Boy, was I humbled,” she says. Medication has helped Max immensely; he has tried various pills over the years and now takes Ritalin LA, an extended-release pill.
Growing Up With ADHD
While Max takes Ritalin every day, “it’s not a miracle cure,” he says. ADHD is chronic disorder. Doctors now know, though, that the right medications and a good educational setting can make a huge difference in helping a child learn to cope with and address his or her symptoms.
Max, who lives in Weston, Mass., is a typical teenager in many ways. He plays video games, reads a lot, and likes to riff on his guitar and drums. He loves sports and has a playful manner and quick wit. He’s tall and handsome, with an athletic build.
But many of the tasks that become second nature to teens are extremely challenging for Max, particularly when it comes to school. “If something doesn’t interest me, it’s a titanic struggle for me to focus on it,” he says. “The act of doing it is so unwelcome.” Last year, for example, Max had a research paper that he kept putting off. He finally began to work on it two days before it was due. “Ultimately I didn’t get it done,” he says.
People with ADHD may appear lazy to others, but “it’s in fact 5 to 10 times harder for them to do things they don’t like than it is for people without the disorder,” says Barkley. This may be because their frontal lobes, the areas of the brain that control reasoning, motivation, and discipline, are impaired, making tasks more difficult to complete.
Even under medication, Max has a hard time keeping quiet in class. “Sometimes I talk and talk and the notion of taking a break doesn’t even occur to me,” he says. “I’ll be in class and my teacher will say, ‘Max, Max!’ and I’ll realize, ‘Wow, I’ve been talking this entire time.’”
His talkativeness can be exasperating outside of school, too. Max’s sister Anna, 19, says “It’s like you’re with a person who wants to share his opinion on everything. He’s constantly talking and he thinks he’s the authority on everything. Max is well-intentioned, but he can be irritating.” Max observes: “People who know me are used to me, but those who don’t may be put off by the way I act.” For instance, Max might tell someone he or she is being “stupid,” or interrupt the person with his own opinions.
“The story of my life is act and regret,” Max once told his mother.
Source : Everyday Health.com
Source : Everyday Health.com
Medically reviewed by Kevin O. Hwang, MD, MPH
